the code  
about us
the code
manual
licence
download
publications
faq
mailing list
links
 
What is CPMD ?
The CPMD code is a plane wave/pseudopotential implementation of Density Functional Theory, particularly designed for ab-initio molecular dynamics. Its first version was developed by Jurg Hutter at IBM Zurich Research Laboratory starting from the original Car-Parrinello codes. During the years many people from diverse organizations contributed to the development of the code and of its pseudopotential library:
Michele Parrinello, Jurg Hutter, D. Marx, P. Focher, M. Tuckerman, W. Andreoni, A. Curioni, E. Fois, U. Roetlisberger, P. Giannozzi, T. Deutsch, A. Alavi, D. Sebastiani, A. Laio, J. VandeVondele, A. Seitsonen, S. Billeter and others.
The current version, 3.9, is copyrighted jointly by IBM Corp and by Max Planck Institute, Stuttgart, and is distributed free of charge to non-profit organizations ( see download ). Profit organizations interested at the code should contact us .
CPMD runs on many different computer architectures and it is well parallelized (MPI and Mixed MPI/SMP).
CPMD main characteristics
  • works with norm conserving or ultrasoft pseudopotentials
  • LDA, LSD and the most popular gradient correction schemes; free energy density functional implementation
  • isolated systems and system with periodic boundary conditions; k-points
  • molecular and crystal symmetry
  • wavefunction optimization: direct minimization and diagonalization
  • geometry optimization: local optimization and simulated annealing
  • molecular dynamics: constant energy, constant temperature and constant pressure
  • path integral MD
  • response functions
  • excited states
  • many electronic properties
  • time-dependent DFT (excitations, molecular dynamics in excited states)
  • coarse-grained non-Markovian metadynamics
If you want to know more about the CPMD capabilities please check the on-line manual or download it (PDF / Postscript) .

Good general bibliographycal references
  • D. Marx and J. Hutter
    "Ab-initio Molecular Dynamics: Theory and Implementation"
    Modern Methods and Algorithms in Quantum Chemistry
    Forschungzentrum Juelich, NIC Series, vol. 1, (2000). (see also here for further links)

  • W. Andreoni and A. Curioni
    "New Advances in Chemistry and Material Science with CPMD and Parallel Computing"
    Parallel Computing 26 (2000) 819.
References and credits for the major developments
Original Paper on the Car-Parrinello method
  • R. Car and M. Parrinello
    "Unified Approach For Molecular Dynamics and Density Functional Theory"
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (22), 2471 (1985)
This publication was rated "Number Five" in the "Physical Reviews Letter's TOP 10" papers: see here.

DIIS optimization
  • J. Hutter, H.P. Luthi, and M. Parrinello
    "Electronic Structure Optimisation in Plane-Wave-Based Density Functional Calculations by Direct Inversion in the Iterative Subspace"
    J. Comput. Mat. Sci. 2, 244 (1994)
Linear scaling geometry optimiser
  • Billeter S. R., Curioni A., Andreoni W.
    Efficient linear scaling geometry optimization and transition-state search for direct wavefunction optimization schemes in density functional theory using a plane-wave basis
    Comput. Mat. Sci. (27): 437-445 2003
Dual-level parallelization & Taskgroups parallelization
  • Hutter J., Curioni A. (PDF)
    Dual-level parallelism for ab-initio Molecual Dynamics: Reaching Teraflop Performance with the CPMD code
    Parallel Computing (31): 1-17 2005
  • Hutter J., Curioni A.
    "Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics on Massively Parallel Computers"
    ChemPhysChem (6): 1788-1793 2005
Integration Techniques
  • Tuckerman M. E., Parrinello M
    " Integrating the Car-Parrinello Equations .1. Basic Integration Techniques"
    J Chem Phys 101 (2): 1302-1315 JUL 15 1994
  • Tuckerman M.E., Parrinello M.
    "Integrating the Car-Parrinello Equations .2. Multiple Time-Scale Techniques"
    J. Chem. Phys. 101 (2): 1316-1329 JUL 15 1994
  • Hutter J., Tuckerman M.E., Parrinello M.
    " Integrating the Car-Parrinello Equations .2. Techniques for Ultrasoft Pseudo Potentials "
    J. Chem. Phys. 102 (2): 859-871 JAN 8 1995
Finite Temperature DFT
  • Alavi A., Kohanoff J., Parrinello M., et al.
    "Ab-Initio Molecular-Dynamics With Excited Electrons"
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 73 (19): 2599-2602 NOV 7 1994
  • Alavi A, Hu PJ, Deutsch T, et al.
    "CO oxidation on Pt(111): An ab initio density functional theory study"
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 (16): 3650-3653 APR 20 1998
Ab Initio Path Integral Molecular Dynamics
  • D. Marx, M. E. Tuckerman, and G. J. Martyna,
    "Quantum dynamics via adiabatic
    ab initio centroid molecular dynamics"

    Comput. Phys. Commun. 118, 166--184 (1999)
  • Marx D., Parrinello M.
    Ab initio path integral molecular dynamics
    Z Phys B Con Mat 95 (2): 143-144 JUL 1994
  • Marx D, Parrinello M
    Ab initio path integral molecular dynamics: Basic ideas
    J Chem Phys 104 (11): 4077-4082 MAR 15 1996
  • F. Della Sala, R. Rousseau, A. Goerling, and D. Marx,
    "Quantum and Thermal Fluctuation Effects on
    Photoabsorption Spectra of Clusters"

    Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 183401 (2004)
Ab Initio Constrained Molecular Dynamics
  • Curioni A, Sprik M, Andreoni W, M. Parrinello et al.
    "Density functional theory-based molecular dynamics simulation of acid-catalyzed chemical reactions in liquid trioxane"
    J Am Chem Soc 119 (31): 7218-7229 AUG 6 1997
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics with controlled pressure
  • Bernasconi M, Chiarotti GL, Focher P, M. Parrinello et al.
    "Solid-state polymerization of acetylene under pressure: Ab initio simulation "
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 (10): 2008-2011 MAR 10 1997
Dipole Moment in periodic systems and Wannier Functions
  • Berghold G, Mundy CJ, Romero AH, et al.
    "General and efficient algorithms for obtaining maximally localized Wannier functions"
    PHYS REV B 61 (15): 10040-10048 APR 15 2000
  • Silvestrelli PL, Bernasconi M, Parrinello M
    "Ab initio infrared spectrum of liquid water"
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 277 (5-6): 478-482 OCT 17 1997
  • Silvestrelli PL, Marzari N, Vanderbilt D, et al.
    "Maximally-localized Wannier functions for disordered systems: Application to amorphous silicon"
    Solid State Commun 107 (1): 7-11 1998
Molecular dynamics in low-spin excited states
  • Frank I, Hutter J, Marx D, et al.
    "Molecular dynamics in low-spin excited states"
    J. Chem. Phys. 108 (10): 4060-4069 MAR 8 1998 N. L. Doltsinis and D. Marx,
    "Nonadiabatic Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics"
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 166402 (2002)
  • N. L. Doltsinis and D. Marx,
    "Nonadiabatic Car-Parrinello molecular dynamics"
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 166402 (2002)
  • N. L. Doltsinis and D. Marx, (PDF)
    "First Principles Molecular Dynamics Involving Excited States
    and Nonadiabatic Transitions"

    J. Theor. Comput. Chem. 1, 319--349 (2002)
QM/MM methods
  • Eichinger M, Tavan P, Hutter J, et al.
    "A hybrid method for solutes in complex solvents: Density functional theory combined with empirical force fields"
    J. Chem. Phys. 110 (21): 10452-10467 JUN 1 1999
  • Laio A., VandeVondele J., and Rothlisberger U.
    "A Hamiltonian Electrostatic Coupling Scheme for Hybrid Car-Parrinello Simulations"
    J. Chem. Phys. 116, 6941-6948 (2002)
  • P. K. Biswas, V. Gogonea.
    "A regularized and renormalized electrostatic coupling Hamiltonian for hybrid quantum-mechanical-molecular-mechanical calculations"
    J. Chem. Phys., 123,164114 (2005)
Response Functions calculations , NMR and IR
  • Putrino A, Sebastiani D, Parrinello M
    " Generalized variational density functional perturbation theory"
    J Chem. Phys. 113 (17): 7102-7109 NOV 1 2000
  • Sebastiani D, Parrinello M
    "A new ab-initio approach for NMR chemical shifts in periodic systems"
    J. Phys. Chem. A 105 (10): 1951-1958 MAR 15 2001
  • Filippone F, Parrinello M
    "Vibrational analysis from linear response theory"
    Chem. Phys. Lett. 345 (1-2): 179-182 SEP 7 2001
Time Dependent DFT
  • Hutter, J
    Excited state nuclear forces from the Tamm-Dancoff approximation to time-dependent density functional theory within the plane wave basis set framework
    J CHEM PHYS 118 (9) : 3928-3934 2003
History dependent metadynamics
  • Laio A, Parrinello
    Escaping free-energy minima
    P NATL ACAD SCI USA 99 (20): 12562-12566 OCT 1 2002
  • M. Iannuzzi, A. Laio, and M. Parrinello
    Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 238302 (2003)
CPMD consortium - - http://www.cpmd.org - Last Modified Thu, 28 Mai 2004